Chinese One Child Policy

Chinese One Child Policy The one child policy of China has been a topic of discussion among many sociologists and economists for years and has been a very controversial topic since it was first introduced. The policy was first introduced in the year of 1980 and was phased out in 2015. Many people believe this was a good thing and perhaps others would disagree. In this research essay, the one child policy will be discussed. China has been a very controlling country for many years, they have been known to have many communism traits in their political and society. The one child policy which was introduced by China in 1980 shows the characteristic and clear illustration of how it has a vast power on its people and shows how its state power is very widespread. Furthermore, the state is in fact ruled by the Communist Party of China (CPC) (Retrieved Nov. 14, 2016, from Wikipedia.org/wiki/China). The Chinese one child policy only allows couples to have one child unless there are certain circumstances which are determined by the government themselves then they might be exempted. (Retrieved Nov 24, 2016, from www.theguardian.com/world/datablog/2015/oct/29/impact-china-one-child-policy-four-graphs). An example of one of circumstances is families who rely on farming as a source of live or income (Hartmann, B. (1995). Reproductive rights and wrongs: The global politics of population control. Boston, MA: South End Press.). I personally completely disagree with this policy as couples should have the right to conceive as much as they want, at the end of the day it is the way of life. I also disagree with this policy because it causes harm in terms of affecting the normal equality of both sexes in society as there could be a lack of males or females due to this. Also, it causes a lack of the younger generation. Moreover, as much is it people conceiving as many as they want could affec t the economy negatively, this one child policy also affected it negatively. 30 years ago, on September 25, 1980, Chinas one-child policy was formally introduced. In a letter from the Chinese Communist Party. Until that date, the government had strongly supported spreading the knowledge of birth control. But using it voluntarily was encouraged and not enforcing anything. China later enforced the law by keeping a very accurate track on the birth registers and those who had more than one child were made to adopt it. Moreover, couples who conceived more than one child were also given fines and were penalized on a very large scale. In some places the fine was a set amount whereas in others its based on a percentage of the violators annual income. (Perry, E. J., Selden, M. (2000). Chinese society: Change, conflict, and resistance. London: Routledge). People who voluntarily accepted the policy or were exempted from it and still agreed to it were sometimes privileged by being given perks such as free water, electricity, gas or a monthly stipend and other perks. After approximately 400m births being stopped and the population growth becoming far too slow, the one child policy was no longer enforced after 35 years as the Chinese government started to realise the lack of the younger generation was a side effect of this issue (Retrieved Nov. 14, 2016, from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34665539). It was realised that this policy was doing a lot of unpredicted harm to the people. China is now recovering its population by removing this policy with hope that these side factors will no longer exist. Meirong Liu and her family are just one example of the millions of families that were affected by Chinas one child policy. Liu always wondered while growing up why she never had a sister or a brother. This lack of a sibling eventually made Liu feel very lonely at times and had negative side effects on her. Other people Liu knew where also severely affected by this policy, they had conceived a second child and they lost their jobs because of it; she also claims she knows people who had to get an abortion. To conclude, now that the one policy has been removed it perhaps might be better for China as it is normal to be allowed to conceive as many children as you wish. Hopefully this will sort out the lack of the young generation and cause equality among both sexes. In the years to come I believe China could be back to a proper functional country and have more stability. References: Nprorg. (2016). NPRorg. Retrieved 10 November, 2016, from http://www.npr.org/2015/10/31/453509914/how-familes-were-impacted-by-chinas-one-child-policy. New Yorker. (2015). The New Yorker. Retrieved 10 November, 2016, from http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/how-did-the-one-child-policy-change-china-an-interview-with-mei-fong. Economist. (2016). The Economist. Retrieved 10 November, 2016, from http://www.economist.com/news/china/21678006-small-town-offers-glimpse-what-two-child-china-might-look-now-two-child-policy Hartmann, B. (1995). Reproductive Rights and Wrongs: The Global Politics of Population Control. :

Lord Byron’s Darkness Essay -- essays papers

Lord Byron’s â€Å"Darkness† Lord Byron’s â€Å"Darkness† illustrates a dark and pessimistic outlook for the world as we know it. The world loses all sense of hope and is left with only despair and darkness after the loss of the provider of thought and hope-sunlight. With the extinction of sunlight comes the destruction of social classes due to inevitable fear of death, and, as a result, all that is left is chaos. The psychological mind drastically changes its mannerisms and mode of thinking when faced with life and death situations. In the solitude of pitch-black infinite space, â€Å"men forgot their passions†-all values were lost, hopes and goals were put on hold, and only darkness existed. A world living in darkness was forced to displace its social classes and live one in utter darkness. All ...

Pocari Sweat Essay

This assignment deals with advertising and it’s concepts. So to start off we’d like to explain certain terms: Advertising is more than just a means of disseminating product information. It is a primary communication tool of our economic system and our culture. In other words it could be defined as † a purposive communication to a target market, which assists in selling by drawing attention to the characteristics of a product which will appeal to the buying motives of customers in the target segment of the market†. Advertising is mainly used for the following purposes: To support sales increase; To encourage trial; To create awareness; To inform about a feature or benefit; To create an image; To modify attitudes; To gain trade and sales staff support. There are three different kinds of advertisements: (1) Informative advertisement: This advertisement conveys information and raises consumer awareness of the product. These are common in early stages of the product life cycle. (2) Persuasive advertising: This advertisement is concerned with creating a desire for the product and stimulating actual purchase. This is mostly used for well-established products, which are in growth/maturity stages of the  product life cycle. (3) Reminding advertising: It is to remind consumers about the product or organization, or the benefits they (consumers) are receiving from buying the product. Advertising has an ethical and moral responsibility to deal honestly with its portrayal of society. Individual companies are judged by their own advertising, and the effectiveness of advertising is dependent on the overall attitude of customers towards advertising generally. (Q) What does advertising do for consumers? One of the most important roles of advertising is showing people how to solve problems. Effective advertising must start from premises, â€Å"Does my product help people?† The major trend in modern advertising is making the consumer the focus of the marketing process. Organizations find that starting with the consumer creates a relationship in which products are designed for the consumers rather than having to convince consumers that a preexisting product is the one they want. (Q) What does advertising does for business? Without advertising, businesses would not be able to bring new products to the attention of enough consumers fast enough to make the enormous cost of creating, developing, manufacturing, and distributing the products practical. In other words, advertising is both a tool and requirement of an abundant economy. (Q) What does advertising does for society? Advertising has both intended and unintended results. Obviously, the intended result of most advertising is to contribute to the profitable sales of product. In addition to its economic role, advertising revenues support a diverse and independent press system protected from government and special  interest control. As a key communication link in the process, it also is a major stimulant to vigorous economic growth and stability. However, there is a growing awareness that advertising must move beyond single-minded concerns with profitability. There is increasing agreement that advertising must be created in an atmosphere that considers a number of ethical factors. A recent survey of advertising agency executives found that they faced six major ethical considerations in conducting business: 1. Treating clients fairly; 2. Creating honest, no misleading, socially desirable ads; 3. Representing unhealthy, useless, or unethical products; 4. Representing clients whose products/services are unhealthy and unneeded; 5. Treating suppliers, vendors, and media fairly; 6. Treating other agencies fairly. It is to the benefit of advertising and society in general that ethical issues are in the forefront of discussion concerning the practice of advertising. Now that we have seen what advertising is and how it deals with various people and organizations it is easy to set the objectives of advertising. These are likely to be the following: To communicate certain information about a product. This is perhaps the most important objective. To highlight specific features of a product which make it different from the  competitors. The concept of the unique selling proposition (USP) is that by emphasizing a unique feature, which appeals to a customer need. To build up a brand or company image through corporate advertising. To reinforce customer behavior. Influencing dealers and resellers to stock the items (on as much shelf-space as possible). In case of government advertising. To achieve a policy objective. A successful ad: The content of an advertisement is determined largely by the objective of the advertising and the motivation of the potential customer. An advertisement should present information, which leads to a greater awareness of the product. It should be an attention-getter and may excite amusement or emotions such as fear, but inciting these feelings should not be allowed to be the only effect of the advertisement. Advertising will be most successful if the following conditions apply: a) The product should have characteristics, which lend themselves to advertising. 1. It should be distinctive and identifiable. 2. It should stimulate emotional buying. 3. If at point of sale a customer can refute an advertisement claim simply by inspecting the product, advertising will achieve no sales at all. b) There should be consistency throughout the sales operation. Advertising, the activities of salesperson and dealers, branding, packaging and pricing should all promote the same product image. c) There should be co-operation between advertising staff and all other  activities in the company. Product design, production, distribution, selling and financial operations should all combine to achieve customer orientation and maximum selling efficiency. After all the facts now let’s move on to our product and its advertisement. We have chosen POCARI SWEAT as our product. A Japanese company known as Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. launched Pocari Sweat in 1980. Under the company philosophy, â€Å"Otsuka – meaning – people creating new products for better health worldwide†, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. is an R&D-oriented corporation with a central focus on pharmaceuticals and consumer products. Through innovative products, OPC hopes to make a difference in curing illnesses and maintaining people’s everyday health. The name POCARI SWEAT is a JAPLISH word (Japanese & English). ‘POCARI’ sounds relaxing, easeful, and light to Japanese people. It doesn’t mean any English word. We know that ‘SWEAT’ has dirty image in English. Then why did the company use such a word?† Actually ‘SWEAT’ has meanings of diligence, efforts, and refreshing ness in Japan, which shows their importance to work, their culture and belief. So that’s how the word came – POCARI SWEAT! Most of Japanese people call POCARI SWEAT as â€Å"POCARI.† We rarely call its full name. We suppose that people have western-like image to â€Å"sweat† especially; Since, POCARI SWEAT has been a very famous and popular name, they (the company) cannot change its name. This company also manufactures various other products like: Ornamin-C (Energy Drink), Calorie Meter (Diet Drink), Energen and Fast Break (energy drinks). Company Name Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Head Office 2-9 Kanda Tsukasa-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8535, Japan Phone: +81-3-3292-0021 Date Established August 10, 1964 President Tatsuo Higuchi Capital 6 billion yen Employees 5,224 (As of April 1, 2002) Business Description Manufacturing, Distributing, Exporting, Importing of pharmaceuticals, Clinical testing equipment, Medical equipment, and Food products. Domestic Establishments 17 branch offices/50 district offices 16 research institutions 2 clinical research laboratory 6 factories POCARI SWEAT A WORLDWIDE BRAND! DID YOU KNOW The human body has a very high water content: 60% for the average adult, and approximately 70% for a child. This water component is known as body fluid, and contains electrolytes such as sodium and potassium ions. WATER content in a child and adult body. The composition of POCARI SWEAT is similar to that of our own body fluids. It contains just the right amount of those electrolytes – such as sodium and potassium ions – that our body loses when it loses water. It’s also gentler on our body and more easily absorbed than ordinary water. And it doesn’t  harm the important balance of body fluids. CONTENTS OF POCARI SWEAT Pocari Sweat plays a vital role in human body after consuming it. Every day we loose about 2.5 liters of water through urinating, sweating and breathing, while we intake approximately the same amount through food and drink. Body fluids automatically regulate this loss and intake of water: balancing the two is vital to the maintenance of a healthy body. Pocari does just that after playing sports, working out in a gym, practicing yoga or long tiring dances lessons. This will be clear from the following diagram: Graph showing daily loss and intake of water in a human body Now that we have seen various graphs that how dangerous can it be if we loose water in plenty. Well now that OPC (the company) has launched Pocari Sweat there is no fear of loosing excess water. Consuming Pocari not only gives a refreshing feeling but also prevents loss of fluid from our body. It will be clear from another graph, which follows: Comparison of how Pocari Sweat prevents the loss of body fluids The composition of POCARI SWEAT is similar to that of our own body fluids. It contains just the right amount of electrolytes – such as sodium and potassium ions – that your body loses when it loses water. It’s also gentler on our body and more easily absorbed than ordinary water. And it doesn’t harm the important balance of body fluids. This graph shows clearly the performance of POCARI SWEAT. POCARI SWEAT COMPETITION By now you’d wonder that who are competitors of POCARI SWEAT? Well the real answer according to Otsuka Pharmaceuticals is that POCARI SWEAT  real competitor is PLAIN WATER and not energy drinks! Many would disagree to it but it’s the truth. People would say that Pocari faces a huge competition with the energy drinks available in the U.A.E like the Red-Bull, Isostar, Blue Ox, Flying Horse etc. Well according the product agencies in the U.A.E. they mention that Pocari is not an energy drink but it’s a REHYDRATION DRINK. The product (Pocari Sweat) agents in U.A.E are AL MAYA LAL’S LLC. To prove the above statement that Pocari Sweat is a rehydration drink the following picture of Pocari’s can, which clearly shows it: In reality, Pocari Sweat is a rehydration drink, which is very similar to baby rehydration fluid. The label on the bottle clarifies: This close up is taken from the can Past advertisements Pocari Sweat had made many ads in Japan, which is shown mainly in other Eastern Asian countries, they were a huge hit there but the company have failed to make an impact with them in the Western countries, that is why the product is not much known and the popularity is not much as it have in Japan and other neighboring countries. The companies previous ads were focused mainly on sports, they had many famous celebrities, models and artists in their ads, some of them are: Cindy Crawford (model), Nancy Adrew (stunt actress and model), Tikeshi (model), and Myo Chin Haut (model) etc. The concepts, which the company wanted to show people through its ad, were amazing and very creative, shot very beautifully under water. The first which showed two men playing tennis under water; the second big ad was during the Football World Cup held in Japan, which obviously had to be a soccer ad. Lately, the company has shot an ad keeping in mind how trendy and energetic are today’s teenagers; they have a skate boarder skating (which are attached with color cans), as he goes two and fro on the ramp it creates  graffiti. (This ad is not available on the net; the concept was taken from the following link: http://spotlight.iridas.com/200303/colorado) this site also contains previous football ads made by the company. In-short after our research we feel that the company and the agents of POCARI SWEAT in the U.A.E and the Middle East should emphasize more on advertising. The product is doing fine as we can see that most of our samples drink it after some activity, with 1-2 cans at a time, they find it really refreshing and energetic, and end up with the results as â€Å"good overall performance†. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Newspapers/Magazines: Gulf News, Khaleej Times, Fortune 500, Forbes. Text Books: Advertising and Sales Promotion Techniques by Gerard J. Tellis Advertising Procedure by J. Thomas Russell, W. Ronald, 14th Edition Marketing Management by Philip Kotler 11th Edition Marketing HND/HNC Edexcel textbook, BPP Publishing Websites: http://www.google.com http://www.yahoo.com http://www.ask.com http://www.otsuka.co.jp/pocari_e/pocari1.htm http://spotlight.iridas.com/200303/colorado www.boardsmag.com/screeningroom/commercials/?link=top http://www.oranda.or.jp/index/english/embassy/agriculture/PDF/productmakerhit.htm http://www.videor.co.jp/eng/jdata/market/99tvcmtr.html

Animal Cruelty Problem - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1816 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/28 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Cruelty To Animals Essay Did you like this example? Cruelty to animals is commonly known as animal cruelty which is criminally negligent act that causes an animal to suffer pain or bein killed. If left to its own us humans would exploit animals without any regard to moral consideration. Judging by the increasing number of animals, these statutes have had little of the desired impact. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Animal Cruelty Problem" essay for you Create order Over 9.1 billion land animals are killed in the United States for food each year. For most of them, their lives and deaths occur outside of the lawrs protection, with little thought given to the well-being of their lifes. In fact, many states specifically exempt farm animals from anti-cruelty statutes. This practice excluding agricultural animals from anti-cruelty protections is not unique to the United States. Rather, it is global, and it is resulting in animals suffering reaches an almost unbelievable amount. Diffrent states use diffrent definition to describe the cruelty. Examples of animal cruelty is, harming of any animals or endangerment the animals life is known as animal cruelty. Types of animal cruelty are,not getting your animal medical care when you know they need it, not feeding or watering, over feeding and watering them so that they bloat. Anything that causes harm to any animal can be reported and than you get a court date and they can even take your pets and send you to jail for a long time. Having to many animals in a home that do not have enough room to move is also a form of animal cruelty. Animal fighting is another form. The side effects of animals that have been in an abusive home or life style, have been known to no trust people so easily which makes them harder to find a home to. The animals that have been abused will always have their scars even if you cant see them. The scientist or the hunters that take the animals from their habitat they destroy the balance of t he ecosystem by taking the animals out of their home. Each time we lay our hands on the animals we are abusing them and we are losing their trust and we wont get that back ever. Animal cruelty is one of the biggest threats to an animas, habitat, life than anything else, so why do we put them threw this? Animals cruelty is unhuman and it makes those animals turn to the dark side and then we have aggressive animals and this is not the animals fault they are just protecting from us. With this in mind we still harm them and make them so scared that they will not trust another person to show them love, care and to not hurt them or hurt them. We have the responsibility to protect them and not let things hurt them and this is not the way we do it by leaving them on the side of the road or not feeding them or watering them.How would you feel if you got ripped away from the only family that you had and then put into a cage and then made to be in experiment and left in pain that ends up killing you? This is not what we should do animal cruelty is something that be nothing but a memory and this is not something to joke about.It is important to be aware of animal cruelty. Animals are suffering in two different ways. Those two diffrent ways are medical and personal or experiments. Examples of suffering in medical ways is like when scientists developed a vaccine against the blue tongue,a disease transmitted by midges that causes much suffering in animals such as cattle,and sheep. Catherine Dellortpoints out that animals used for these experiments are left in their cages to die without any pain relief, rather than being euthanized (page20). The scientist needed to test what they made for strokes. Catherine Dellorts discovers the baboons were seen in their cages hunched over unable to drink, chew, or even lift their heads( page 20). Even when we do it for personal reasons it is still bad. The night before companion animals animals are sometime starved or even over watered where they blot and than exploded. The fighting of any animals are aginst the law in some states, but some how they still find a way to have fighting rings, but the owners do this in th e expense of dogs they are tortured and they are trained to do this are even forced to fight where they just end up getting killed or killing other animals. When you go and use them to fight they become sckettish and this is not a good thing they might end up snapping and going after you are they will become mute and that is not something we want to happpen. Animals are being killed everyday for are own personal reasons. Like choking, beating, strangling,Downing, fighting,kicking,neglect abandonment, poison, stabbing, unlawful trade, unlawful trapping. Animals are killed for our selfish needs and wants. Those animals are used for our entertainment or the educational purpose. We are the other hand do not think of the side affects that have on the animals. We make them fearful and in the constent struggle of keeping a safe life. Those animals that we use go threw their lives looking over their shoulder thinking that we are gonna be next or their the next ones to. Gender ended up being the biggest component for animal cruelty. It is separated into two categories female and males, but males are the worst.In 2006 the ASPCArs men and women pursued cases in New York City made a record, one hundred a cases and sized two hundred ninety-nine animals in connection with their investigations. Almost all abusers are males.. In a study of sixty- seven college undergraduates, male students were nearly four times more likely than females to report abusing animals as children or adolescents. Slightly more than one- third of males (34.5%), but just fewer than 10% of females (9.3%), reported that animals had been cruel to animals.That are two hundred and fifty-six cases from males and only sixty- five cases for females. The total number of cases that only have males perpetrators is four hundred seventy- four. The number of males and females perpetration is eighty- seven. Animals are in painful situations all the time. Fighting and testing on them are examples are ways the animals live painful lives. Testing on them makes them costley looking over their shouldersin feear that are go to come and test on them. When testing the scientist are suggested involved in often downplayed and they allege extreme levels of cruelty inflicted upon animals. The experiments can involve drawing, suffocating,starving and burning, blinding animals, destroy their ability to hear, damaging their brains, serving their lambs, crushing their organs, inducing their heart attacks,and ulcers, paralysis, seizures, and forcing the animals to inhale tobacco smoke, and drink alcohol, and ingest various drugs.When this happen we are destroying the food chain and throwing the food chain all out of balance. Each time that we do we make them shut down and it dose not help use gain their trust. When we use them as bait for a fighting it endangers their lives and thats not what we should do. A total of fifty-three cases of fighting with animal. That number should be zero.They are used for our personal and selfish reasons. What about the animals personal benefits? When we use them for our personal purpose they are unaware of what they are about to be exposed to. Everyday of every minute of every second of every hour they are put threw these painful situation and then they have to deal with the side effects and it hard for them. Animals that are experiment on have side effects that make them claw at them self. Or they are also have been known to have hallucination nations that make them act out. The animals in the experiment are also known to get very aggressive or they might get so depressed that they do not eat or drink. They will basically starved or dehydrate themself because the animals are in pain or they associate the food and water that the scientist give them. Because they associate it as something that is going to hurt them and they do not want any of it. Theses aniamls that are used for our personal or medical selfish reasons are not our personal guinne pig. Every time that we do it makes the balance of world go off of balance. We are destroying their lives leaving them to die in pain. We might not care but what about their familys. Just because they are animals, manmals, like dogs,birds,sheep dosent mean that they are gonna be upset. They are even more pain then what them involved in the experiments are used for this is no the right thing for use to do. If you was in this situtation would you want someone taking your children or moms, father grandmas, grandpas or aunt, uncles and experimenting on them and killing them. Or living in constent fear that you are going to be the next on to be killed ir used for personal shelfish reasons it not the right thiing as human beings to do, but we end up doing it and not even feeling guilty that we ruined their lives or their family i hate that this is not going to be able to see their family me mebers again. This is why it is imporant that we have to be aware of animals crulitey because we cant be going and expect to have animals to be using if we kill off all of the animals it not right of use to be so cold hearted and so inhumane that keep doung these stupid experiments and i ahte that we have this happening we all could do alot better to be more awaree of our surrounds and not have them fearing to have their lives being killed or taken away from them and i can not beleive that we are in this cold hearted society that is okay wiht baby animals and grown animals being used to kill them for our personal or medical or even interament reason because we have so boring lives that we think that if we take their lives that our lives would be better and we might be happy. But what about them if we keep this up there wont be anymore chicken.cow.pig.hog.deer,bird and then what would we do use hummans for the experment that is not right we are disgraceful people and i hate to be apart of any of th is. Awareness in the most imporant thing to be aware of in this world.Why do we have to be like this when we can be so much better?