Informative Speech on Dreams Essay - 3661 Words

Title/Topic: Dream Interpretation General Purpose: An informative presentation. Specific Purpose: The purpose of this speech is to inform the audience about the deeper significance of dreams, with the goal of allowing them to find meaning in their own dreams. Thesis Statement: Dream interpretation is important because it allows us to see the exactly what a dream is, to find significance in our dreams, and to face our subconscious problems. INTRODUCTION II. (Reveal Topic) A dream is amazing and the way one interprets it depends on who is having the dream. III. (Credibility Statement)I have done a lot of research on the topic of Dream Interpretation and find that it varies from person to person. Some believe that a dream†¦show more content†¦If the body is moving then Theta waves cannot be produced so the body is actually paralyzed when we sleep except for our eyes which do not interfere with Theta waves. When these waves are being produced during Raped Eye Movement sleep, memories are being reprocessed, which is why memories are the content of our dream. 2. The limbic system also includes the amygdala(Amig- Dalah) which is the part of the brain responsible for emotions. In an Article called Scientists Discover Why Dreams Are So Weird they state â€Å"During REM sleep, the mens brains showed the most activity in the limbic system, a primitive part of the brain that governs emotion. Meanwhile, little activity was seen in the frontal lobes. The frontal lobes help sort out and give meaning to information from the senses. According to the researchers, this unequal activity might explain why dreams can be so intense, yet so illogical. It may also explain why dreams do not seem strange to the dreamer while they are happening† (Scientists Discover Why Dreams Are So Weird). (Without your REM cycle, your limbic system including your hippocampus and amygdala and your visual and auditory cortex’s you wouldn’t be able to have a solid dream.) TRANSITION: Now that we saw what functions in the brain during a dream we can better understand the significanceShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech on Dreams Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagesaudience on dreams Intro: Can you remember the last dream you had? Maybe you could fly or were falling down an endless dark tunnel. Perhaps you were awakened by a horrific dream in the middle of the night. If any of you are like me you experience vivid dreams. I would like to start by share one of my dream experiences with you all. About two months ago I had a dream that my boyfriend was cheating on me, now I know all you girls and guys can relate to this. I wake up in the morning with my dream stillRead MoreInformative Speech About Dreams1186 Words   |  5 PagesI. Do you remember what your last dream was about? What do you think it meant? How relevant was it to your personal life? These are the questions I ask myself when I wake up from a strange dream with particular people and situations in them. II. My probing questions of do my dreams serve a purpose in my personal life? Are my dreams signs of things I should do differently in my daily life? have led me to explore the functions of dreams. III. While researching this topic, I have discovered thatRead MoreDream Interpretation Informative Speech Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesName: Holly McCallen SPCH 2010-103 Informative Speech Date: TITLE: Dream Interpretation Type of Informative Speech: Speech Design: Categorical I. Introduction A. Attention Material: â€Å"Dreams feel weird while we are in them. It’s only when we wake up that we realize something was actually strange (Inception, the movie).† Have you ever been curious about what your dreams actually mean? B. Credibility material: There have been many times in my life where I have eitherRead MoreInformative Speech793 Words   |  4 PagesA List of Informative Speech Topics: Pick Only Awesome Ideas! Just when you thing youre way past through the question How to write an essay?, another one comes. Thats the thing students desperately Google like What is a informative speech? – and, believe experts, this is something youll definitely need some professional help in. Informative speaking is a speech on completely new issue. Tell your audience something they have never known! Now that you know the answer to the question â€Å"WhatRead MoreTheme Of Martin Luther King And Obamas Speech1405 Words   |  6 Pages The Progressive Theme of Martin Luther King’s and Obama’s Speeches President Obama’s victory speech and Martine Luther King’s speech are two of the most famous discourses that everybody is discussing today, which they delivered 50 years apart. Both are representation of racial progression, which starts from the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement to the election of the first black president in the American history. Both speeches are a symbol of hope and a new start of the upcoming changesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : Dream A Motivational Video 878 Words   |  4 Pagestitled, â€Å"Dream: Motivational Video,† because of the boldness it projected to the audience. The speech is approximately six minutes and was published on July 2, 2013. It provides the audience with a background on how they should make their dreams realistic. Although obstacles will get in our way when trying to fulfill dreams—the purpose is to separate from negativity and dream big. Even though the fear of failure overtakes our mind, we cannot allow the fear to detour us from living out our dream. FinallyRead MoreCompare And Contrast The Gettysburg Address And I Have A Dream Speech1065 Words   |  5 Pages we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children...will be able to join hands and sing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is the, slightly shortened, end quote of the famous I Have a Dream speech by. The Gettysburg address was a major turning point in American history for the topic of slavery. Martin Luther King Jrs I Have a Dream speech assisted in this Civil Rights movement. But, the question is, what all did they cause in our history? The reader is going to compare and contrast information from the two textsRead MoreI Have a Dream: Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1290 Words   |  6 PagesWhen informing Americans across the nation of his dream, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. proposed an unforgettable speech that would one day change The United States of America forever. In analyzing â€Å"I Have a Dream†, there are a few rhetorical purposes that are reflected throughout. These purposes are repeatedly focusing in on a particular audience in which King speaks to. Using different types of appeals and literary elements, his speech produced a meaningful purpose that the audience could relateRead MoreInformative Speech about Barbie Dolls Essay735 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Kaitlyn Wyman Informative Speech Outline Objective: I will give an informative speech about the history of Mattell’s Barbie Doll.    I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: a. Girls, this is a question for you. How many of you have had Barbie dolls growing up? (Have time to answer) b. Well, believe it or not, our beloved Barbie dolls have a whole lot of history behind them. B. Tie to the audience: a. I think we, as girls, can all vouch that Barbie dolls were all the rage and so muchRead MoreInformative Speech Outline1598 Words   |  7 PagesSamantha Audiffred Honors Comm 110 Marieke Spiegelhoff Informative Speech Outline 25 February 2015 Audience Analysis ( ½ page)   Ã‚  Ã‚   The target audience for the informative speech is the honors communication 110 class and the professor. The class makeup is eight males and twelve females for the 20 students. This is a required course for all students attending UW-Whitewater; therefore, the majors and interests of the students will vary greatly. After an activity polling the class, the most popular of

Classical Management Theory and Human Relations Theory

The systematic development of management thinking is viewed, generally, as spanning from the end of the nineteenth century with the emergence of large industrial organizations. Management theories consist of two group—classical management theory and human relations theory. In this essay, the nature of the â€Å"Classical† and â€Å"Human Relations† approaches to management will be described at first and then bring out the differences and similarities between them. The classical theory of management was formed in the early 20th century and based on a pyramid, formal structure. To be more precise, it puts an emphasis on technical requirements of the organisation, common principles as well as hierarchy of management. There are three well-established†¦show more content†¦In this sense, human relations theory is about humanization as technique.Finally, classical management theory avoided ‘informal groups’, but the human relations movement supported There is no denying that both theories exert profound influence of company’s management. For instance, McDonald Corporation takes the idea of classical management theory. Work force of McDonald Corporation is divided into different jobs. More exactly, probably divides employees up into chefs, people serving, people frying, people packing the burgers, and maybe some one on the drive through. That is to say, different people are now doing different things on the production line; therefore the worker become good at what they are doing, make production more efficient and little training needed. Yet at the mean time, many problems have arisen, the main reason for this is that the worker may becomes monotonous with what they are doing and have lower job satisfaction (which can lead to lower productivity) ,as well as they may eventfully be replaced by machinery. As for the theory of human relations, this can be best illustrated with the example of Tavistock Institute in London which undertook to study the work of coal miners. Tavistock Institute understood that job simplification and specialization did not augment productivity but giving more autonomy to the work group in organising their work shift, did produce betterShow MoreRelatedClassical And Human Relations Management Theory1504 Words   |  7 Pagesa report based on the classical and human relations management theorist. The main objective of the report is to critically evaluate the classical and human relations management theories approaches into today’s working place and society. To begin with, management theories are a set of ideas, introduced and presented mostly by professors and psychologist, to help direct managers and supervisors plan, manage, control their businesses and workplaces. In other words, management theorists are ideas whichRead MoreClassical Scientific Management Theory And Human Relations Theory1358 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent theoretical perspectives. This paper will be d iscussing the Scientific Management, Cultural Perspective, Political-Economic Theory, and Human Relations Theory. It will also be discussing each of the key concepts that are associated within each theoretical perspective. I will state some of the strengths and some of the weaknesses of each theory that was mentioned above. Lastly, my opinion for each of these theories would be provided to give you a look on how they are run in the society. I hopeRead MoreClassical Scientific Management Theory And Human Relations Theory1356 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent theoretical perspectives. This paper will be discussing the Scientific Management, Cultural Perspective, Political-Economic Theory, and Human Relations Theory. It will also be discussing each of the key concepts that are associated within each theoretical perspective. I will state some of the strengths and some of the weaknesses of each theory that was mentioned above. Lastly, my opinion for each of these theories would be provided to give you a look on how they are run in the society. I hopeRead MoreCritically Evaluate the Classical and Human Relations Approaches of Management Theory1679 Words   |  7 PagesCritically evaluate the classical and human relations approaches of management theory. Your essay must clearly define the term â€Å"management theory† and include industry examples to illustrate your answers. In order to define the term management theory and to critically evaluate classical and human approaches it is also important to discuss what shaped the thinking of management theory development. In seeking to define management one must also define the word theory. Theory is defined in the ConciseRead MoreClassical Viewpoint Of Management Essay842 Words   |  4 Pages In the classical viewpoint of management, great time and effort is put into the scientific method and scientific management. The scientific method is used in order to determine the best way to accomplishing each assigned task. The classic viewpoint also uses the theory that persons need to be scientifically selected and then trained to conduct duties. Encompassed in this viewpoint is the implication that management develop and assign all tasks, and employees are responsible for the completion ofRead MoreClassical and Neo Classical Theories1300 Words   |  6 PagesClassical and Neo-Classical Theories of Management Classical management theory There are three well-established theories of classical management: Taylor,s Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol’s Administrative Theory, Weber’s Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced earlier ones. Instead, each new school has tended to complement or coexist with previous ones. Theory recognizing the role that management plays in anRead MoreThe Rise of the Factory System during the Industrial Revolution1245 Words   |  5 Pageswhich came before the present generation. It is a combination of the efforts of previous generations leading up to the present. Modern management started in the nineteenth century and bloomed during the twentieth, with a flourish of management theories ranging from classical theories of management to the Japanese management model. The present day management theory is the outcome of the many interdisciplinary efforts of a wide range of people. The rise of the factory system during the Industrial RevolutionRead MoreHuman Relations And Classic Management Theories1458 Words   |  6 PagesHuman relations and classic management theories. From the turn of the Century there was a significant development of management theory contributors from the period of 1910 to 2000. These theorists tended to be in the category of academics and management consultants. They were divided into two precise groups as practicing managers like Taylor and Fayol as well as social scientists like Mayo and McGregor, G.A.Cole, p3. Practicing manager’s theory tend to reflect upon applying personal experiencesRead MoreThe Field Of Public Administration Essay1275 Words   |  6 PagesThe field of Public Administration is undoubtedly one of the most vast study fields there is. It is said that public administration is closely related to Management in terms of public management theories. After all Public Administration is the perfect management of people in a more vast public setting.According to Nigro and Nigro in their book Modern Public Administration, Public Administration is a co-operative group effort in a public setting which works i n collaboration with the executive, legislatureRead MoreHuman Relations Movement1552 Words   |  7 PagesThe main concern of this assignment is the human relations movement and how it eradicated the influence of the classical and scientific management in the industry today. This approach raises some important questions about what are the keys function of the classical-scientific management theory, and the contrast of the worker in the classical-scientific and behavioral management. Some additional points need to be considered such as the Hawthorne studies and also the most important aspect covered is

Environmental Scanning - 1926 Words

ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING Environmental scanning is a process of gathering, analyzing, and dispensinginformation for tactical or strategic purposes. The environmental scanning processentails obtaining both factual and subjective information on the businessenvironments in which a company is operating or considering entering.Environmental scanning is the process in which a firm continually collects andevaluates information about its external environment. There are six main categoriesof environmental data to consider when evaluating marketing decisions. These aresocial forces, demographic forces, economic forces, technological forces, politicaland legal forces, and competitive forces. There are several marketing procedures to consider†¦show more content†¦While some of the demand drivers are off-shoots of favourable growth in the Indian economy, others have come by due to the comprehensive development of the Automobile segment. The key demand drivers for the automobile segment are shown below: Increase in income levels and thus purchasing power: Increase in disposable incomes have made cars affordable to a larger section of the population. While the ratio of car prices to average monthly salaries was around 36 - 48 months in the past, it has dropped significantly to less than 24 months currently. This is also a result of decreasing automobile prices with increasing efficiency in production and stiff competition in the market. †¢ Gradual shift to higher segment passenger vehicles: B and C segments have emerged as high growth segments over the last few years. In 2001-02, the A segment accounted for around 28% of sales while in 2004-05 it accounted for only 14%. At the same time, the demand for premium vehicles has also grown significantly, though the volumes are still low compared with other segments. The trend in segmental sales is poised to undergo a sea change with the launch of high volume selling Tata Nano and other players eyeing to get into the ultra low-cost segment. †¢ Availability of a wider range of products: The number of players as well as the number of products in the auto OEM space hasShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Scanning1136 Words   |  5 PagesEnvironmental Scanning To assure the success of a business over a long period of time the business must be able to conduct regular analysis of their success. They must be able to determine where they are today and have a goal of where they would like to see themselves 5-10 years down the road. In order to conduct a true analysis of the company, one must complete an environmental scan of their organization. Thus scanning for events, trends, issues and expectations that they may be faced with in theRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning1483 Words   |  6 PagesIncreasing demand for Temple s upscale homemade confections recently poised CC on the brink of major expansion. In the next decade, CC can expect to encounter changing trends within the baking industry, each impacting the company s long-term environmental objectives in remote, industry, and operational contexts. Remote environment Labeling Ââ€" Anticipated changes in food labeling legislation will determine the manner CC labels its cakes nutritional content. Expanded labeling information requirementsRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning and Aspects’2062 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is environmental scanning? Environmental scanning is the communication of external information about facts that could influence an organization on its’ strategic decision-making process. It is a method of analyzing relevant gathered information and use to determine strategic and premeditated action on the business environment. The environmental scanning process seek obtain both realistic and subjective information on the business environments where a corporation is functioning or consideringRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning of Nintendo662 Words   |  3 Pages1. Environnemental scanning Macro Environment Macro environment is said to be the most general layer of the environment. This consists of broad environmental factors that have an impact on the organization. The PESTEL framework helps us to identify the future trends which might impinge on Nintendo and therefore identify the key drivers of change. On the other hand the five forces framework helps to understand how the competitive dynamics within and around the video game industry are changingRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning Techniques1335 Words   |  6 PagesENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING Environmental Scanning can be defined as the process by which organizations monitor their relevant environment to identify opportunities and threats affecting their business for the purpose of taking strategic decisions. Factors to be Considered for Environmental Scanning The external environment in which an organization exists consists of a bewildering variety of factors. These factors (could also be termed as influences) are events, trends, issues and expectationsRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning Paper1500 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental Scanning Kendra McQueen MGT/498 March 14, 2016 Amy Novoa Environmental Scanning Environmental scanning is an overarching term encompassing the monitoring, evaluation, and dissemination of information relevant to the organizational development of a strategy (Wheelen, Hunger, amp; Hoffman, Bamford, 2015,). The use of an environmental scan can analyze the competitive advantage of a company, evaluate the strategies a company uses to gain an advantage over their competitors and createRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning Paper1834 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Environmental scanning is the first portion to an organization’s strategic management and is very important to the corporation. Environmental scanning is gathering information for the external and the internal of the company. A SWOTT is the best way to gather the information. A SWOTT is determining the strengths, the weaknesses, the opportunities, the threats, and the trends of the organization. Starbucks is a coffee shop that sets out to be different from the competitors. The company doesRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning System for a Hotel1548 Words   |  7 PagesDEPARTMENT OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT AN ESSAY ON Steps to Establish Environmental Scanning System For a Hotel Identify the steps you would take to establish an environmental scanning system for a Hotel business and critically evaluate the process as an aid to effective strategic management Present business scenario across the world is very complex and unpredictable. The globalisation, changes in demographics and technological advancements and political changes influence the business a greatRead MoreAnalysis Of Accor Hotels : Company Profile947 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most widely recognized approach for considering the external business environment (Gupta, 2013). PESTLE analysis stands for Political, Economic, Social, and Technological, Legal and environmental analysis and describe a framework of macro environmental factors utilized as a part of the environmental scanning component of strategic management. Generally, all the PESTLE factors might not important for all types of industry its depends up industry nature or size. This PESTLE analysis is based onRead MoreEnvironmental Analysis : An Organization And Evaluating The Level Of Threat Or Opportunity They Present Essay2769 Words   |  12 PagesEnvironmental Analysis Environmental analysis is a process for identifying all external and internal elements that can affect the performance of the organization and evaluating the level of threat or opportunity they present. Opportunity and threat assessments are then incorporated into decision making process in order to better align strategies with the organizations environment (Investor Words, 2015). Every destination needs to know about their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats

Dhofar Fertilizers Company Ammonia Plant Feasiability Report

Question: Describe about the Report for Dhofar Fertilizers Company Ammonia Plant Feasiability Report. Answer: Introduction The demand for ammonia is on increase in Al Batinah North Governorate, since is a crucial input contributing to approximately 55% of productivity of crop, with expanding agricultural production, improvement in technology and growing awareness among farmers Fertilizer is a key ingredient in ensuring the food security of the country as it increase the production and productivity of soil Description Of The Dhofar Fertilizer Company Dhofar Fertilizer Company is located in the east side of Sohar capital city of Al Batinah North Governorate, is investing on on anew ammonia plant that will be installed in the area next to it, in order to manufacture Nitrogenous fertilizers Market Consideration The domestic food grain production is set at 120 million tonnes from 2016 2018, which can be achieved since the farming practices has been improved, expansion of irrigation, availability of better seed and extensive and balance use of fertilizers in the whole country of Al Batinah North Governorate Management Team The company comprises of the shareholders, with the government holding a great share, the C.E.O is Dr. Ahmed, production manager Mr Mohammed Al Farsi, technical staff and casual workers Technical Specification And Production Plan The fertilizer ammonia plant area is projected to cover will 3 hectares of the piece of land adjacent to the Dhofar company The production unit is estimated to be about 50,000 units since the raw materials are more available The Dhofar company executive has already acquired registration permit and the CCP has also been carried out, and environmental conservation authority has issued a licence Marketing Plan Ammonia plant cost data Description of cost area Item at 2000 tonnes/day million Scale experiment n Cost factor 1.5n Item at 684.9 tonnes/day a) Equipment item Furniture heaters 6.64 0.8 1.328 8.80 Package plant 1.06 0.65 1.355 2.45 Heat exchanger 5.90 0.55 1.302 6.69 Compressor and fans 3.12 0.85 1.355 4.24 Pumps 1.09 0.8 1.383 1.48 Turbines 2.34 0.6 1.328 2.12 Tanks 0.15 0.75 1.302 1.18 Vessels and column 5.20 0.65 1.302 6.77 Miscellaneous item 0.36 0.6 1.275 0.44 Total cost of equipment 25.86 0.69 1.322 34.19 b) Bulk items Electrics 2.39 0.8 1.328 3.03 Instrumentation 5.15 0.7 1.275 6.44 Piping 6.35 0.6 1.328 8.50 Structural steel 1.68 0.55 1.302 2.32 Insulation and painting 0.38 0.65 1.302 0.56 Catalyst and chemicals 0.95 1.0 1.500 1.28 Total cost bulk item 16.79 0.68 1.323 22.13 Total equipment 25.86 0.69 1.322 34.19 Total bulk item 16.79 0.69 1.323 23.13 Civil work 2.21 0.65 1.302 2.88 Construction 11.59 0.65 1.302 15.09 Engineering and procurement 6.90 0.5 1.225 8.45 Total cost 63.35 0.66 1.307 83.74 Examination Of Critical Risks And Problems Ammonia is a corrosive substance and the main toxic effects restricted to the direct contact with ammonia which include eyes, skin, respiratory tract, digestive tract Proper measures of wearing proper clothes covering every part of your body, goggles to protect eyes, nose, ears and mouth muffs to protect respiratory tract, digestive tracts and ears. Financial And Economic Plan Fixed capital investment Total equipment from the table = 34.19 million Total bulk item from the table = 23.13 million Civil works = 2.88 million Construction = 15.09 million Engineering and procurement = 8.45 million Fixed capital investment = 34.19 million + 23.13 million + 2.88 million + 15.09 million + 8.45 million = 83.7 million Working capital investment = current assets - current liability Balance sheet for plant Assets Liabilities Cash 30 million Account profitable 15 million Marketable securities 3 million Accrued experts 10 million Account receivable 15 million Notes payable 2 million inventory 20 million Current term debt 5 million 68 million 32 million Working capital = 68 million - 32 million = 36 million Total capital investment = total liabilities total equity current liabilities = excess Fixed capital = 84 million Current liabilities = 32 million Current assets = 68 million Working capital = 36 million Total capital = 84 million + 32 million+ 68 million + 36 million = 120 million Direct labour = construction + civil works = 2.88 + 15.09 = 17.97 million Direct material = total equipment+ total bulk item = 34.19 + 23.13 = 57.32 million Overhead = engineering and procurement = 8.45 million Product cost per unit tonne = total direct material + total direct labour + total manufacturing overhead cost = [17.97 + 57.32 + 8.45]/250000 tonnes per year = 83.74 million/250000 = 334.96 million per unit tonnes [current original values]/original value * 100 = [83.74 - 63.35]/63.35 * 100 = 32.19% Evaluation And Conclusion The plant is targeting to help to a great advance meet the demand of nitrogenous fertilizers and will increase the productivity of crops and finally the food shortage is expected to reduce to a higher level on every family in Al Batinah North governorate

Technological Frontier Essays - Digital Media, Technology, Computing

Technological Frontier Technological Frontier America has been a country full of optimism, perseverance, and freedom of ideas and beliefs. The frontier- a mental or physical area where much remains to be done- is a belief that has and still propels and influences America today. The technological frontier is probably the most influenced by the frontier belief. There is always room for better in technology. The technological advancements in the past 50 years outnumber the amount advancements from the beginning of time up to 50 years ago. Technological advancements have made it easier to for humans to live and adapt to their universe. Technology has expanded exponentially from the beginning of time until the 90's. In the 90's technological advancements have taken off at a higher exponential rate. For every frontier that appears to be complete, a new frontier has opened up and is unsolved. The frontier consists of branches that have branches themselves, resembling a tree. The frontier is far from ending, if there is an ending. During this rapid technological advancement period where we are trying to fulfill that long-term, near perfect technology, there have been short-term constraints in technology that have and will continue to open new branches in technology. Engineers have been trained to discover new technologies that enhance human life by designing new products and things that make life easier and safer for everyone. Engineers are obligated to use their skills, intelligence and apply their knowledge to promote human welfare. An example of this has been the advancement of communications. Instead of sending a letter to a family member or loved one by pony express, now one can send mail in just seconds through e-mail. This technological advancement makes it easier and better to communicate that is satisfying to humans. These advancements in the long term will have small constraints, but in the short term there're broader constraints and limits. Email about five years ago could only be accessed through internet service providers such as: AOL, Prodigy, CompuServe, TexasNet, and institution accounts. Now email can be retrieved and sent over the internet without having these big name internet service providers. There are now services like Yahoo, Hotmail, Rocketmail, and Juno that offer free email accounts over the web for any one. Within the past few years, technology has allowed email users to send voice and video emails, which was impossible before. Email still has delays ranging from a few seconds to a few minutes when you send your email over the internet. Ideally, these delays still represents a very fast relay suitable for all practical purposes in email. Email can have more of a real time relay in the future. There is also the possibility of your email not reaching its destination, which we all have experienced at one time. Now we see less and less of our email not reaching our destination with the improvements of transmission lines. Higher bandwidths in these transmission lines allow for higher memory capabilities in our email. Email in the long run will be near a more real time instantaneous speed with the capability of higher memory. The frontier myth can be seen from the beginning technological advancement of communications. In 1837, while working independently from one another Samuel F. B. Morse and the two British engineers Sir William Cook and Sir Charles Wheatstone developed a method of sending an electronic message over a distance of several miles almost instantaneously. The implications of this development were enormous. For the first time in history, human beings had the means to overcome the obstacles imposed upon communications by vast distances. A "Virtual world" of human communications had just been born that was much smaller and could potentially be much more closely knit together than the "real" world. Though the concept of virtual place and time would not become part of the terminology of human thinking for almost another 150 years, the foundations were laid with this invention. It is significant that during this same period we were making rapid progress in conquering distance and time in the real world with advances in the steam engines, which powered ships and railroad locomotives. America's telegraph network grew up with and was often found alongside the rapidly developing network of railroad lines that began to tie the various corners of our nation together. The frontier myth influenced the expansion of communications into another frontier, telecommunications. While working on a device to enable hearing impaired individuals to hear sound in 1877, Alexander Bell developed a communications device that was to eventually be introduced into almost every American home and become available to nearly everyone worldwide. The

Definition of Sharecropping

Definition of Sharecropping Sharecropping was a system of agriculture instituted in the American South during the period of Reconstruction after the Civil War. It essentially replaced the plantation system which had relied on slave labor and effectively created a new system of bondage. Under the system of sharecropping, a poor farmer who did not own land would work a plot belonging to a landowner. The farmer would receive a share of the harvest as payment. So while the former slave was technically free, he would still find himself bound to the land, which was often the very same land he had farmed while enslaved. And in practice, the newly freed slave faced a life of extremely limited economic opportunity. Generally speaking, sharecropping doomed freed slaves to a life of poverty. And the system of sharecropping, in actual practice, doomed generations of American in the South to an impoverished existence in an economically stunted region. Beginning of the Sharecropping System Following the elimination of slavery, the plantation system in the South could no longer exist. Landowners, such as cotton planters who had owned vast plantations, had to face a new economic reality. They may have owned vast amounts of land, but they did not have the labor to work it, and they did not have the money to hire farm workers. The millions of freed slaves also had to face a new way of life. Though freed from bondage, they had to cope with numerous problems in the post-slavery economy. Many freed slaves were illiterate, and all they knew was farm work. And they were unfamiliar with the concept of working for wages. Indeed, with freedom, many former slaves aspired to become independent farmers owning land. And such aspirations were fueled by rumors that the U.S. government would help them get a start as farmers with a promise of forty acres and a mule. In reality, former slaves were seldom able to establish themselves as independent farmers. And as plantation owners broke up their estates into smaller farms, many former slaves became sharecroppers on the land of their former masters. How Sharecropping Worked In a typical situation, a landowner would supply a farmer and his family with a house, which may have been a shack previously used as a slave cabin. The landowner would also supply seeds, farming tools, and other necessary materials. The cost of such items would later be deducted from anything the farmer earned. Much of the farming done as sharecropping was essentially the same type of labor-intensive cotton farming which had been done under slavery. At harvest time, the crop was taken by the landowner to market and sold. From the money received, the landowner would first deduct the cost of seeds and any other supplies. The proceeds of what was left would be split between the landowner and the farmer. In a typical scenario, the farmer would receive half, though sometimes the share given to the farmer would be less. In such a situation, the farmer, or sharecropper, was essentially powerless. And if the harvest was bad, the sharecropper could actually wind up in debt to the landowner. Such debts were virtually impossible to overcome, so sharecropping often created situations where farmers were locked into a life of poverty. Sharecropping is thus often known as slavery by another name, or debt slavery. Some sharecroppers, if they had successful harvests and managed to accumulate enough cash, could become tenant farmers, which was considered a higher status. A tenant farmer rented land from a landowner and had more control over how the management of his farming. However, tenant farmers also tended to be mired in poverty. Economic Effects of Sharecropping While the sharecropping system arose from the devastation following the Civil War and was a response to an urgent situation, it became a permanent situation in the South. And over the span of decades, it was not beneficial for southern agriculture. One negative effect of sharecropping was that it tended to create a one-crop economy. Landowners tended to want sharecroppers to plant and harvest cotton, as that was the crop with the most value, and the lack of crop rotation tended to exhaust the soil. There were also severe economic problems as the price of cotton fluctuated. Very good profits could be made in cotton if the conditions and weather were favorable. But it tended to be speculative. By the end of the 19th century, the price of cotton had dropped considerably. In 1866 cotton prices were in the range of 43 cents a pound, and by the 1880s and 1890s, it never went above 10 cents a pound. At the same time that the price of cotton was dropping, farms in the South were being carved up into smaller and smaller plots. All these conditions contributed to widespread poverty. And for most freed slaves, the system of sharecropping and the resulting poverty meant their dream of operating their own farm could never be achieved. The system of sharecropping endured beyond the late 1800s. For the early decades of the 20th century it was still in effect in parts of the American South. The cycle of economic misery created by sharecropping did not fully fade away the era of the Great Depression. Sources: Sharecropping.  Gale Encyclopedia of U.S. Economic History, edited by Thomas Carson and Mary Bonk, vol. 2, Gale, 2000, pp. 912-913.  Gale Virtual Reference Library. Hyde, Samuel C., Jr. Sharecropping and Tenant Farming.  Americans at War, edited by John P. Resch, vol. 2: 1816-1900, Macmillan Reference USA, 2005, pp. 156-157.  Gale Virtual Reference Library.

The ressesion in the fashion industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The ressesion in the fashion industry - Essay Example The fashion industry together with other textile products industry has undergone a downturn due to the financial adversity (Global Recession Impacts on Fashion Industry 2009). Fashion is a complicated business with no standard to define the companies in the industry. Fashion companies belong to a broad of range of firms that produces apparel, footwear, textile accessories and home furnishings. The industry is formed of diverse professionals and firms that include fashion designing, modeling, marketing, retailing, planning and distribution. Fashion includes brands and local sellers to whom the recession has brought in a struggle to sell the products for survival. The impact is felt among the various members of the fashion industry in a different manner and the similarity among the members is their poor financial status. The lavish spending attitude of consumers is now replaced by a cautious closefisted consumer behavior due to the global trend of increasing unemployment, plunging home budgets and the credit squeeze. Some of the few items consumers cut back during financial crisis is fashion accessories and apparels. This has led several fashion companies to contact credit problems. Various companies around the world have already filed for bankruptcy. Even big labels in the fashion industry are faced with financial problem and have declared their negative financial trend. Some companies have gone to the extent of expecting a take over or are negotiating a partnership deal with consenting investors for financial support. Many innovative plans and events are being cancelled and the plans to cut down jobs in regional offices are more of regular news. Fashion labels in fashion cities in the Italy have held discussions with the government to appeal for support and reduce the burden of the financial downturn. Fashion houses are hesitating to show the collection for various seasons in 2009 since the shows are expensive without any guarantee of returns. The